Index Litteraturae Entomologicae series I help

contains extra information, such as names of authors, artists and engravers, texts on insects or treated taxa, sequels published after 1864, reasons for corrections and many others.

contains all information on a citation arranged as list of references. In the examples the columns are labled with red numbers and the delimiter marked green.




Of advantage is the possibility of fast entry of multiple words (longer than 3 characters, separated by spaces) to search for.
Disadvantages are, however:

• you can search only for four-digit numbers, that will be interpreted as year of publication, other values will be ignored
• author, publisher etc. will be searched for as entered
• searching for alternative spellings is not possible (→surname)
• sources will be searched for as entered
• searching for alternative spellings is not possible (→source)

Original publications are cross-referenced with their translations, abridged versions, corrections, addenda or datings etc. and vice versa.

contains the forename of the author, editor, illustrator, translator and other persons involved. All the names are organized in a separate database, which takes into account various spellings. Forenames are given in full in the search. The search methods are the same as for surnames (→surname).

The original numbering in Horn & Schenkling (1928-1929) consists of an optional prefix symbol and a serial number:

*	Data compared with the original by Hagen
x	Data compared with the original not by Hagen, but by Horn & Schenkling
o	Data new, but not compared with the original by Horn & Schenkling
!	Data new and compared with the original by Horn & Schenkling
+	Data updated and enlarged by Horn & Schenkling

For this new edition the prefix symbols have been supplemented with:

G	Data from Gaedike & Smetana (1978, 1984)
H	Data from Hagen (1862-1863)
N	New title
R	Title used as standard work

The number is often followed by a symbol indicating new revision. The symbols represent:

#	Data checked by Gaedike, Groll & Taeger (again) against Hagen (1862-1863)
s	Dating follows Sherborn
§	Data compared with the original by Gaedike, Groll & Taeger
d	Dating taken by Gaedike, Groll & Taeger from the original

cross-links parts with the complete work or sequels to its predecessor and vice versa.

contains the year of publication, such as 1828 (exact year of publication), 1828-1829 (period of publication), [1828] (ascertained year of publication), 1828? (uncertain year of publication), before 1828 (published before), after 1828 (published after) or ? (year of publication unknown).The following search methods are possible:

search operator	method	example	result
is equal	finds publications where year matches the word (year) searched for	1828	Kalchberg, Ritter A. von 1828: Ueber die Natur ... Fischer von Waldheim, G. I. [1828]: [1. Titelblatt ...
contains	finds citations where period of publication matches the word searched for	1828	Moris, J. J. M. vor 1829: Commentatio ... Brewster, D. 1808-1830: The Edinburgh ... Kalchberg, Ritter A. von 1828: Ueber die Natur ... Kleemann, C. F. C. nach 1759: Der monatlich ...
before	finds citations published before the word searched for	1828	Cagnati, M. De Serico ... Serville, J. G. A. 1827: Description ... Stephens, J. F. 1827-1828: Illustrations ... Costa, O. G. vor 1840: Omotteri. - In: Costa, O. G. (ed.); Costa, A. (ed.) 1829-1886 Fauna ...
after	finds citations published after the word searched for	1828	Rennie, J. vor 1830: Insect Architecture ... Martini, M. C. F. nach 1773: Auf Erfahrungen ... Gistel, J. N. F. X. 1829: Antimachus ...

contains

• an issuing body, a publisher, or a printing house, if the citation is a monography, a collective volume, or the proceedings of a conference
• a monography, if the citation is a chapter
• a journal title, if the citation is a periodical article

In addition to the source’s title, other data such as location, publication history and chronology (for journals), synonyms (original notation from the Horn & Schenkling (1928-1929), variant title, and parallel title) and annotations are databased. These can be inspected by clicking on the source.
About 4% of the sources could not be fully clarified. These appear highlighted in reddish in the display. Users are encouraged to initiate corrections via comment!

The following search methods are possible:

search operator	method	example	result
is equal	finds citations whose source matches exactly the word (source) searched for	Berlin	Burmeister, C. H. C.; Giebel, C. G. A. 1858-1860: Zoologischer Handatlas. 2. Auflage - Berlin 192 p. (publisher)
starts with	finds citations whose source begins with the word searched for	ber	... Berlin, ... (publisher) ...Berichte... (journal)
contains	finds citations whose source contains the word searched for.	Berlin	... Schriften der Berlinischen Gesellschaft naturforschender Freun ... (journal) ... In: Horn, W. H. R.; ... Berlin-Dahlem ... (monography)

contains the surname of the author, editor, illustrator, translator and other persons involved. All the names are captured in a separate database, which takes into account various spellings (→example 'starts with') in the search. The following search methods are possible:

search operator	method	example	result
is equal	finds citations where author, editor, etc. matches the word (name) searched for	Fauvel	Fauvel, J. 1801: Rapport ... Fauvel, C. A. A. 1861: Synopsis ... Chevrolat, L. A. A.; Fauvel, C. A. A. 1863: Coléoptères ...
starts with	finds citations where author, editor, etc. matches the word searched for	bar	Bar, C. 1854: Lettre ... Lamote-Baracé, de 1860: Education ... Baran, F.-G. Migeot de 1854: Observation ...
contains	finds citations where author, editor, etc. matches the word searched for	mann	Ackerman 1853: Note ... Ahlemann 1861: Ueber ... Alamanni, L. 1590: La Coltivazione ...
sounds like	finds citations where author, editor, etc. sounds like the word searched for. The so-called phonetic search delivers very many results but may be helpful in some cases.	Bernhard	Bernard, A. 1849: Mémoir ... Bernhard, J. C. 1770: Eine vielleicht ... Bernhardt, G. 1857: Die Käfer ...

Note: Exists different authors with the same surname, first name may be included in the search. The names are linked with the database Biographies of the Entomologists of the World.

contains contributions of users. Please see all comments and the state of incorporation in the database by clicking on 'inspect details' .

If you like to contribute, please use the 'add comment' action . It opens a dialog to add a comment on the citation. This allows you to point out errors, add additional information, etc. Please always provide a source for the correction. The comments will be incorporated continuously into the database.

Note: The dialog is secured by the method CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) to protect against so-called robots that can fill unprotected websites with rubbish. You will accordingly be requested to enter the characters from a picture at left into an input box. Please note the uppercase and lowercase letters. Should you not be able to recognize the characters in the picture, submit the page without entering the characters. You will get a different picture.

contains the number of an entry in Nissen (1951) and (1966-1969), the important bibliographical reference work of the illustrated zological / botanical books from antiquity to the 20th century.

Nissen, C. 1951: Die botanische Buchillustration: Ihre Geschichte und Bibliographie. Stuttgart: Hiersemann.

Nissen, C. 1966-1969: Die zoologische Buchillustration. Ihre Bibliographie und Geschichte. - Stuttgart, Anton Hiersemann, 8 Lief., 1-666.

  Individual or all citations found can be downloaded in various formats. Currently available are:

TXT	= plain text for word processors in the Unicode standard.
BIB	= data in BibTeX format for bibliographic management software, such as Zotero, Citavi or Endnote.

Please select your preferred format under →set form.

  also displays data from a citation that is missing in the list view, such as →illustration statement, →facts, →user comments, as well as empty data fields.

	1 select name of column (data field) to search in; 2 select operator to search with;
3 type in a word to search for 4 repeat steps 1 to 3 for more conditions; 5 finally click on submit .

Generally the following search operators are available (further → see under columns):

starts with	= searches from beginning of the column, is suitable for volume, issue, illustration statement, place, surname, forename, title, and allows →wildcards
contains	= searches within the column, is suitable for volume, year of publication, issue illustration statement, place, surname, forename, title, citation, and allows →wildcards
is equal	= searches for exactly the content of the column and is suitable for volume, year of publication, issue, number, illustration statement, place, surname, forename, title
sounds like	= searches for similar sounding content and is suitable for surname and forename
after	= searches for column values that are larger and is suitable for the year of publication
before	= searches for column values that are smaller and is suitable for year of publication

wildcards and equivalents
If the word to search for contains special characters, please use

• equivalent characters, e.g.: Käfer = Kafer, Aßhoff = Asshoff
• wildcards "%" (several characters), or "_" (one character), e.g. Bergsøe = Bergs%, Königin= K_nigin

allows individual configuration of the form:

Language

Form elements such as headings, column titles, buttons etc. are multilingual and can be adapted to your preference.

Citations per page

The length of the list can be adapted to your screen (→browse).

Format for downloading

Individual citations or the entire list of selected citations can be downloaded in TXT and BIB (→download).